RESEARCH ON MULTI-TYPE MEASUREMENT DATA FUSION METHOD FOR STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR EVALUATION
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摘要: 海洋结构在服役期间，不可避免地受到复杂的环境载荷和操作载荷的作用。对于金属材料的海洋结构，断裂是其失效的主要形式，所以，及时、准确地监测裂纹的萌生和扩展是很有必要的。而应力强度因子(SIF)是判断裂纹失稳扩展的一个重要指标。该文在现有研究的基础上，将基于单应变片(SSG)和最大张口位移(CMOD)的SIF的确定方法相结合，提出了一种基于数据融合的SIF的估计方法。对该方法进行了数值模拟和实验验证，结果表明，该方法适用于多种配置的裂纹试件，且与基于单应变片和最大张口位移的方法相比，所提方法可以获得更精确的结果，相对误差(RE)不超过1.2%。Abstract: Fracture is the main failure form of marine structures due to the action of ocean waves. It is necessary to monitor the initiation and extension of the crack timely and accurately, and the SIF (Stress Intensity Factor) is an important indicator for judging the propagation of cracks. Based on the existing research, this study combines the calculation method for SIF based on single strain gauge (SSG) and maximum crack opening displacement (CMOD) and, proposes a method based on Kalman filter (KF). Numerical simulation and experimental verifications of this method have been carried out. The results show that the method can be used for a variety of configurations of pre-cracked specimens. And compared with the SSG-based and CMOD-based methods, the KF-based method can obtain more accurate results, the relative errors (RE) is not more than 1.2%.
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图 6 $ a/b = 0.4 $的适用径向长度
Figure 6. Applicable radial length of specimen with $ a/b = 0.4 $
图 7 加载过程中不同方法计算得到的SIF曲线
Figure 7. SIF curves calculated by different methods during loading
图 8 2%噪声水平下三种方法得到的结果误差
Figure 8. The error of the results obtained by three methods at the noise level of 2%
图 11 整个加载过程中三种方法计算结果的相对误差
Figure 11. The relative error of the SIF obtained by three methods in the whole loading process
表 1 不同裂纹长度的适用径向长度
Table 1. Applicable radial lengths of different crack lengths
裂纹长度
a/mm裂纹长度/
试件长度a/b最小径向
长度rmin/mm最大径向
长度rmax/mm10 0.10 1.50 5.58 20 0.20 1.50 12.00 30 0.30 2.50 13.02 35 0.35 4.07 19.10 40 0.40 3.81 21.40 下载: 导出CSV
表 2 $ \sigma = $8.33 MPa下两种方法得到的SIF的相对误差
Table 2. The relative error of SIF obtained by two methods under $ \sigma = $8.33 MPa
a/b 经验值/
(MPa·mm0.5)单应变片方法 裂纹最大张口位移方法 径向
长度SIF/
(MPa·mm0.5)RE/
(%)SIF/
(MPa·mm0.5)RE/
(%)0.10 46.82 3.40 49.65 5.73 50.23 6.97 0.20 67.64 6.79 72.54 7.25 74.35 9.93 0.30 85.51 8.48 92.01 7.60 93.84 9.74 0.35 93.87 10.19 101.96 8.62 103.09 9.83 0.40 103.61 12.05 110.79 6.97 112.09 8.23 表 3 不同应力下两种方法得到的SIF的相对误差
Table 3. The relative errors of SIF obtained by two methods under different stresses
应力/
MPa经验值/
(MPa·mm0.5)单应变片方法 裂纹最大张口位移方法 SIF/(MPa·mm0.5) RE/(%) SIF/(MPa·mm0.5) RE/(%) 0.417 5.18 5.54 6.93 5.61 8.23 2.08 25.90 27.70 6.93 28.03 8.23 4.17 51.81 55.40 6.93 56.07 8.23 6.25 77.71 83.09 6.93 84.10 8.23 8.33 103.61 110.79 6.93 112.09 8.23 表 4 含不同长宽比裂纹试件的SIF的相对误差
Table 4. The relative error of SIF of specimens with different aspect ratio cracks
a/b 相对误差/(%) SSG CMOD KF 0.10 5.73 6.97 0.61 0.20 7.25 9.93 0.10 0.30 7.60 9.73 0.67 0.35 8.62 9.82 0.01 0.40 6.97 8.23 0.75 表 5 不同水平噪声下计算结果的相对误差
Table 5. The relative errors of calculated results under different noise levels
噪声水平/(%) 相对误差/(%) SSG CMOD KF 1 7.15 8.53 0.24 2 7.84 10.10 0.30 3 8.73 10.12 0.35 4 7.94 9.62 0.98 表 6 加载过程中不同长宽比裂纹的SIF值
Table 6. SIF values of cracks with different aspect ratios during loading
加载力/kN 应力强度因子/ $ \text{(MPa}·{\text{mm}}^{0.5}) $ $a/b = 0.1$ $a/b = 0.2$ $a/b= 0.25$ $a/b= 0.3$ 真实值 KF 真实值 KF 真实值 KF 真实值 KF $4 \pm 0.1$ 38.406 31.338 54.238 49.448 61.258 37.013 69.368 47.363 $8 \pm 0.1$ 75.437 65.794 108.401 101.015 122.549 101.524 137.956 111.638 $12 \pm 0.1$ 112.381 103.773 162.757 148.281 183.944 164.540 201.856 184.472 $16 \pm 0.1$ 150.168 144.244 216.870 205.604 245.308 234.317 271.659 259.369 $20 \pm 0.1$ 187.834 185.400 271.245 266.088 306.450 303.470 339.939 333.865 $24 \pm 0.1$ 224.312 226.208 325.216 326.992 367.691 371.713 406.255 407.069 表 7 不同长宽比裂纹在不同加载力下的相对误差
Table 7. The relative errors of cracks with different aspect ratios under different loading forces
加载力/kN 相对误差/(%) ${a / b} = 0.1$ ${{{a / b}}} = 0.2$ SSG CMOD KF SSG CMOD KF $4 \pm 0.1$ 14.06 33.52 18.40 9.04 6.91 8.83 $8 \pm 0.1$ 13.69 28.87 12.78 13.45 7.92 6.81 $12 \pm 0.1$ 9.85 22.60 7.66 17.17 11.21 8.89 $16 \pm 0.1$ 7.07 18.73 3.94 13.21 11.96 5.19 $20 \pm 0.1$ 4.80 15.21 1.30 7.94 12.61 1.90 $24 \pm 0.1$ 3.02 12.22 0.85 4.39 12.75 0.55 加载力/kN ${a / b} = 0.25$ ${a / b} = 0.3$ SSG CMOD KF SSG CMOD KF $4 \pm 0.1$ 22.73 44.96 39.58 59.92 5.30 31.72 $8 \pm 0.1$ 11.70 18.90 17.16 42.73 1.93 19.07 $12 \pm 0.1$ 9.94 8.90 10.55 26.33 6.05 8.61 $16 \pm 0.1$ 8.79 2.76 4.48 18.45 5.60 4.52 $20 \pm 0.1$ 7.65 1.24 0.97 14.03 7.03 1.79 $24 \pm 0.1$ 6.96 3.60 0.70 11.18 8.50 0.20 -
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