基于不同颗粒形态模拟方法的道砟三轴试样变形特性对比分析

薛立华; 肖军华; 张德; 郭云龙; 陈炳文

doi:10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2022.01.0044

基于不同颗粒形态模拟方法的道砟三轴试样变形特性对比分析

doi: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2022.01.0044

薛立华^{1, 2,},
肖军华^{1, 2, ,},
张德^3,,
郭云龙^4,,
陈炳文^{1, 2,}

1.
同济大学上海市轨道交通结构耐久与系统安全重点实验室，上海 201804
2.
同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室，上海 201804
3.
上海公路桥梁(集团)有限公司，上海 200433
4.
代尔夫特理工大学土木工程与地球科学学院，荷兰，代尔夫特 2628CN

基金项目: 高铁联合基金项目(U2034204)；国家自然科学基金项目(52178435)；上海市科学技术委员会项目(20DZ2251900)

详细信息

作者简介:
薛立华(1996?)，男，山东济宁人，博士生，主要从事铁路路基动力学研究(E-mail: lihua_xue@foxmail.com)

张　德(1990?)，男，江苏无锡人，工程师，博士，主要从事铁路路基动力学研究(E-mail: dz2015@tongji.edu.cn)

郭云龙(1992?)，男，黑龙江绥化人，博士，主要从事轨道工程研究(E-mail: yunlong.guo@tudelft.nl)

陈炳文(1999?)，男，吉林延边人，硕士生，主要从事铁路路基动力学研究(E-mail: bwchen666@163.com)

通讯作者:
肖军华(1980?)，男，湖北仙桃人，教授，博士，主要从事铁路路基动力学研究(E-mail: jhxiao@tongji.edu.cn)

中图分类号: U213.7+22
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- 文章访问数: 391
- HTML全文浏览量: 84
- PDF下载量: 63
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-09
- 修回日期: 2022-04-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-06

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS OF BALLAST TRIAXIAL SPECIMENS WITH SIMULATION METHODS OF DIFFERENT PARTICLE SHAPES

XUE Li-hua^{1, 2
,},
XIAO Jun-hua^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHANG De^3
,,
GUO Yun-long^4
,,
CHEN Bing-wen^{1, 2
,}

1.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
3.
Shanghai Road and Bridge (Group) Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200433, China
4.
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628CN, Netherlands

摘要

摘要: 道砟不规则形态是影响有砟道床变形特性的重要因素，对道砟形状及棱角分布等不同尺度形态特征的刻画与数值重构仍是道砟仿真研究的热点问题。该文采用形态重构方法，生成了符合真实道砟形态指标概率分布的多面体道砟试样，构建了不同围压下道砟三轴加载计算模型，并将该仿真结果与三维扫描生成、非统计随机生成的道砟试样的仿真结果及室内试验结果对比分析。结果表明：围压提高，颗粒形态对道砟力学响应的影响逐渐显著，该文方法重构数值试样的应力-应变结果与试验结果的符合度高于非统计随机生成试样；道砟试样横向变形与堆积结构调整有关，与三维扫描生成的道砟试样相比，非统计随机生成试样的颗粒调整程度与侧向鼓胀范围均偏大；形态统计特征对道砟接触力演化趋势影响不大，但是不同形态特征的道砟最大接触力水平差异近50%。
- 道砟 /
- 三轴试验 /
- 形态统计特征 /
- 离散元-有限元耦合 /
- 变形特性
Abstract: Particle shape plays an essential role in deformation characteristics of railway ballast bed. The numerical reconstruction of ballast morphological features, including overall shape and angular distribution, remains a hot issue in research on ballast mechanical behavior simulation. A novel shape reconstruction method was adopted to generate ballast particles that met the desired probability density distribution of morphological indices. On this basis, the numerical model of ballast triaxial tests were established under different confining pressures. The results were compared with those obtained from indoor tests and simulations whose particles were generated from 3D scanning or non-statistical random generation. The results show that the particle shape has a growing effect on the mechanical response of ballast, with an increase in confining pressure. The relation between deviatoric stress and axial strain in the specimen which meets the probability density distribution is more consistent with the experimental results than that of the non-statistical randomly generated specimen. The lateral deformation of ballast is correlated with the adjustment of the packing structure. For non-statistical randomly generated specimen, both the lateral deformation and the particle adjustment are larger than those generated by 3D scanning. The ballast contact force evolution is less influenced by its morphological features. Nevertheless, the difference in the maximum contact force of specimens with various particle shapes is nearly 50%.
- ballast /
- triaxial test /
- morphological statistical feature /
- discrete element-finite element coupling model /
- deformation characteristic

HTML全文

图 1 道砟长轴Φ₁、中轴Φ₂、短轴Φ₃示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagrams of Φ₁, Φ₂ and Φ₃

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图 2 道砟形态重构流程图

Figure 2. Flow chart of ballast samples regeneration

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图 3 道砟颗粒形态简化示意图^[19]

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of ballast shape simplification

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图 4 重构道砟形态特征值统计分布

Figure 4. Morphological index distributions of reconstructed ballast

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图 5 道砟大型三轴试验

Figure 5. Large-scale triaxial test of ballast

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图 6 离散元-有限元耦合计算原理图

Figure 6. DEM-FEM coupling principle

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图 7 颗粒-界面单元接触力传递示意图

Figure 7. Schematic diagrams of force transform between particle and boundary elements

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图 8 道砟试样级配曲线

Figure 8. Grading curve of ballast samples

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图 9 初始状态道砟三轴试样

Figure 9. Ballast triaxial specimens in initial condition

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图 10 道砟三轴试验离散元-有限元耦合模型

Figure 10. DEM-FEM coupling model of ballast triaxial test

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图 11 各类试样应力-应变结果

Figure 11. Stress-strain curves with different particle shapes

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图 12 各类试样体积应变-轴向应变结果

Figure 12. Volumetric strain-shear strain curves with different particle shapes

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图 13 加载结束时道砟数值试样力链分布图(σ₃=60 kPa)

Figure 13. Force chain distribution of ballast specimens after loading (σ ₃=60 kPa)

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图 14 四类道砟数值试样配位数变化 (σ₃=60 kPa)

Figure 14. Coordination number evolution of ballast samples (σ₃=60 kPa)

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图 15 加载结束时道砟数值试样整体变形分布图 (σ₃=60 kPa)

Figure 15. Deformation distribution of ballast specimens after loading (σ₃=60 kPa)

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图 16 法向接触力概率密度函数

Figure 16. Probability density functions of normal contact forces

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表 1 离散元模型细观参数

Table 1. Mesoscopic parameters of DEM

离散元域	密度 ρ/ (kg/m³)	法向接触刚度k_n/(N/m³)	切向接触刚度k_s/(N/m³)	摩擦系数μ	接触阻尼α
球颗粒	2600	5.5×10⁸	4.83×10⁸	1.03	0.03
非统计随机生成颗粒	2600	1.82×10¹⁰	1.6×10¹⁰	0.8	0.03
基于形态指标概率分布重构颗粒	2600	1.82×10¹⁰	1.6×10¹⁰	0.65	0.03
三维扫描颗粒	2600	1.82×10¹⁰	1.6×10¹⁰	0.68	0.03

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表 2 橡胶膜有限元模型参数

Table 2. Parameters of rubber membrane

有限元域	密度ρ/ (kg/m³)	体积模量/Pa	泊松比ν	摩擦系数μ	阻尼系数α
橡胶	1100	1.0×10⁷	0.47	0.8	0.2

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